Doppler Ultrasound

Doppler ultrasound is based upon the Doppler Effect. When the object reflecting the sound waves is moving, it changes the frequency of the echoes. It creates higher frequency when it moves towards the probe and lower frequency when moving away from the probe. The change in the frequency depends on how fast the object is moving. This is a special technique mainly used to examine blood flow. Problems in the veins and arteries are detected by Doppler ultrasound. Doppler ultrasound is also used to measure the blood flow through the heart. The direction of the blood flow is shown in different colors on the ultrasound machine screen. The Doppler images help the physician to see and evaluate blockages to blood flow, such as clots, narrowing of vessels, which may be caused by plaque and such diseases. Tumors and congenital malformation are also detected by Doppler ultrasound.

Angiodynography

Angiodynography represents an innovative system that harnesses Doppler sonography for the creation of real-time, color-coded images of blood vessels within the conventional ultrasound slice image. This advancement incorporates a novel computerized technique, enabling the simultaneous display of both the traditional pulse-echo signal and the Doppler shift signal resulting from bodily movements at every point within the ultrasound slice plane. In this system, static tissue structures are depicted in the familiar grayscale image, while dynamic elements such as blood flow are represented in colors.

One study encompassed 453 patients, and it yielded valuable insights. The study culminated in acquiring normal and pathological flow measurements in various anatomical locations, including the carotid artery, jugular vein, renal transplants, thyroid, testis, and urethra. Additionally, it visualized abnormal flow velocities in conditions such as stenosis, tumors, and diffuse parenchymal alterations. This innovative technology offers a promising avenue for non-invasive vascular and tissue assessments, enhancing diagnostic capabilities in diverse clinical scenarios.

Echocardiogram

An echocardiogram is a diagnostic test that gives the doctor an idea of how the heart appears in motion. An echo uses ultrasound waves to pick up echoes from different parts of your heart. An echocardiogram throws light on the size of the heart and the condition of the heart valves. The pumping capacity of the heart is determined with an echocardiogram. Any damage to heart muscles or valves can be diagnosed with an echocardiogram. An echocardiogram is helpful in detecting any structural problems of the heart, its chambers or blood vessels surrounding it. An echocardiogram is used to detect any blood clots within the heart. This diagnostic test is used to check for causes of irregular heartbeats, enlarged heart or heart murmurs. The functioning of the heart after an attack can be checked with an echocardiogram.

Trans thoracic echocardiogram is the standard cardiogram where the doctor monitors sound wave echoes that bounce off the heart and other internal structures.

Doppler echocardiogram is based on Doppler signals that change pitch when they bounce off the heart and blood vessels. This feature is often part of other cardiogram procedures.

Stress echocardiogram is taken when a patient is undergoing a treadmill stress test.

Trans esophageal echocardiogram involves passing a probe through the throat into the chest wall. The transducer then shows clear images of the heart. This type of echocardiogram can be uncomfortable and is often performed under sedative. Trans esophageal echocardiogram is also used during surgery to monitor the heart function. Abnormal blood flow between the heart's chambers can be detected.