Chemosis
The conjunctiva is the thin, transparent tissue that lines the eyelids and surface of the eye. The swelling of conjunctiva is termed as chemosis. The swelling is due to accumulation of fluid. Due to the swelling, the eyes cannot close properly and affects visual acuity. Chemosis is alternatively referred to as fluid-filled conjunctiva, swollen eye or conjunctiva.
The most common symptom associated with chemosis is swelling of the eye and the eye appearing red in color. In most of the cases, chemosis is caused by an allergic reaction, viral infection as well as by rubbing of the eye. Exophthalmos, a sign of hyperthyroidism, which results in abnormal bulging of one or both eyes, may also be associated with Chemosis.
Treatment of chemosis depends on its cause. Home care treatment options of chemosis due to angioedema or allergies includes using over-the-counter antihistmine medications and placing cool clothes on the eyes. It is best to contact health care provider in case the symptoms continue. The health care provider may diagnose by conducting a physical examination of the eye. Certain questions to understand the history of swelling of the eye and discomfort it causes will be asked. The health care provider will then prescribe an eye cream to reduce the swelling and antibiotics medications.
Conjunctivitis
The conjunctiva is a clear membrame covering the white of the eyes. Conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye occurs when the conjunctiva in the eye gets inflammed. This common eye infection is not serious but is highly contagious and causes discomfort. Conjunctivitis can occur due to an infection, allergy or chemical reaction. Commonly infectious conjunctivitis happens due to viral or bacterial infection such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Allergic conjunctivitis occurs as a result of allergy to pollen, animal dander, dust mites or cosmetics or even hay fever. Chemical reaction can lead to conjunctivitis due to irritation. This happens due to chlorine in swimming pools or smoke and fumes.
Children suffering from conjunctivitis may have ear infection or sore throat. The infection can pass through coughing, sneezing and direct contact with tissues, clothes or towels used by an infected person. Conjunctivitis caused by allergy or chemicals however are not contagious. Typical symptoms of conjunctivitis range from redness and discomfort in the eyes to swelling and tearing. There is itchiness and sensitivity to bright light. Eyes affected by conjunctivitis tend to water and exude sticky discharge, especially on waking up. There might be pink or reddish blots on the eye due to inflammation.
Broad specturum antibiotic ointment or solution is prescribed for bacterial infection. antihistamines are used for allergic conjunctivitis. Corticosteroid drops are prescribed in cases of severe allergic conjunctivitis. It is essential to identify the allergen and take precautions against exposure to it. Do not share tissues, makeup, towels or eye drops. Wash your hands after touching your eyes.
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