Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is a diagnostic test that makes use of a thin telescope-like hysterescope to view and operate upon the endometrial cavity. Carbondioxide is filled into the cavity to aid this process. While often hysteroscopy can be done as an outpatient procedure, some women may need local anasthesia. In some cases, hysterescopy is done along with a resectoscope. But this procedure destroys the uterine lining and is not a viable alternative for women who wish to have children. A laparoscope may be used to view the uterine exteriors.
Diagnostic hysteroscopy involves observation of the endometrial cavity for any abnormalities. This procedure is often used in cases where there has been abnormal uterine bleeding or repeated miscarriages. Diagnostic hysteroscopy may also be used to confirm the results of HSG. Hysterescopy may be used to check for causes of heavy or irregular menstrual cycle or fit IUD.
Operative hysteroscopy involves use of hysteroscope to remove polyps, cut adhesions or treat fibroidsand septums. This can be used as an alternative to open abdominal surgery. This involves use of operative hysteroscope that allows the physician to insert operating tools. In rare cases, hysterescopy may lead to infection and heavy bleeding or injury to the cervix or uterus.
Placental Abruption
The placenta usually separates from the uterus after the birth of the baby.
Placental abruption is a condition where the placenta separates from the uterine wall during the pregnancy. Placental abruption is a serious condition and can put the baby at risk. This is a medical emergency. Hypertension can sometimes lead to placental abruption. Women who have blood-clotting disorders may experience placental abruption. Women suffering from diabetes or abusing drugs are also at higher risk for placental abruption. Those women who have had multiple pregnancies are also at higher risk for placental abruption.
A pregnant woman suffering from placental abruption is likely to have abdominal and back pain. There might be rapid uterine contractions. There is tenderness in the abdomen. Uterine bleeding is often noticed. Placental abruption can occur anytime after the 20th week of pregnancy.
An ultrasound can help in locating any possible blood clot behind the placenta. It can also help in checking for any signs of fetal distress. Fetal monitoring is essential since the placenta supplies nutrients to the growing fetus. There may be decreased fetal movements. The extent of placental abruption decides the course of treatment to be followed. Partial placental abruption needs adequate bed rest and close monitoring. In cases of total placental abruption, delivery of the infant is undertaken. This is either with vaginal delivery or cesarian section. But there is a risk of premature birth and fetal death. The newborn baby could suffer brain damage due to low levels of oxygen in the blood.
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