Spermicide
Using a spermicide is a form of contraception that is best used in combination of diaphragm, female condom or sponges. It can be safely used during breast feeding. A spermicide can be used in the form of a cream, foam or suppository. It prevents sperms from moving, thereby preventing fertilization. Some spermicides act as a barrier to entry of sperm into the cervix. A spermicide must be used about 10 minutes before you have intercourse. It is effective for about an hour after insertion. Some brands of spermicides cause irritation. Many women complain of spermicides being messy. Nonoxynol-9 is a commonly used spermicide. Read instructions on inserting spermicides carefully. Failure to use it correctly reduces its effectiveness.
Epidural
The term epidural is often used as a short form for 'epidural anesthesia'. As a first step before administration of an epidural, an IV is given with relaxing medications. The next step is that the physician numbs a small area of the skin with numbing medicine. The physician then directs a small needle using x ray guidance into the epidural space. A small amount of contrast dye is injected to insure that the needle is properly positioned into the epidural space. Finally, a small mixture of numbing medicine or anesthetic and anti-inflammatory injection is injected.
Risk of epidural during childbirth
- A mother with low platelet count may make the placement of an epidural more risky.
- Sometimes due to weight problems, it becomes impossible for an anesthesiologist to find the epidural space.
- Epidurals cannot be administered if the mother is bleeding heavily or suffering from shock.
- It is observed that sometimes epidurals can lead to fetal distress and fetal malposition.
- Increased risk of forceps or vacuum extension, episiotomy and increased risk in cesarean section is observed because of epidural use.
- A study of breast feeding mothers conducted in 2006 reveals that mothers who received an epidural were more likely to experience problems in breast feeding during the first few days after delivery.
Antitussive
An Antitussive is a cough medicine that is routinely prescribed for dry cough. These antitussives are usually over-the-counter syrups. Commonly codeine is used to suppress dry cough. Antitussives usually lead to drowsiness, headache, loss of appetite and nausea. You might notice high blood pressure and rashes on the skin as possible side effects. It is contraindicated to used Antitussive during pregnancy and breast feeding.
Bibliography / Reference
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