Paracetamol
Paracetamol works as an analgesic (pain relief) and antipyretic (fever relief) and has been safely used by millions since 1946. This popular analgesics drug can be purchased over the counter and can be safely taken by persons. It has been found to be safe for children and elderly persons. Paracetamol is a safe drug that rarely has any side effects and does not irritate the stomach Paracetamol is safely recommended for pregnant women and lactating women. Along with decongestant ingredients, this analgesic drug is used to relieve symptoms of influenza, common cold and sinusitis. Persons who are sensitive to aspirin can take analgesics like paracetamol. Unlike aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that block production of prostaglandins at the source of pain, paracetamol blocks these pain transmitting chemicals in the brain. Paracetamol is effective in bringing down high temperature.
Dosage:Recommended dosage of paracetamol is 500-mg tablets every four hours for adults. Children can be given paracetamol in syrup form. Liquid paracetamol comes in different strengths and product forms. Ensure that you give the child the appropriate strength and dosage. An overdose of this drug can cause liver damage. The symptoms of paracetamol overdose may not be apparent at once. It is contraindicated to take paracetamol after alcohol consumption since it increases the risk of hepato-toxicity.
Canker sore
A canker sore or aphthous ulcer is a painful mouth sore. It can appear on the inner surface of the cheeks or palate. Typically it starts off as one painful bump that goes on to becoming an open ulcer. It can be accompanied by fever or uneasiness. Appearance of canker sores can be attributed to stress, hormonal fluctuations, food allergies, deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals such as vitamin B12, iron, and folic acid, lack of sleep and immune reactions. Dental braces can often lead to aphthous ulcers. Canker sores take about a week to heal. Maintaining good oral hygiene and getting routine dental checkups can prevent such a condition. Zinc supplements, anti-inflammatory medications and analgesics are most often prescribed. A person suffering canker sores must avoid hot and spicy food. Applying Milk of Magnesia or diluted hydrogen peroxide can aid the healing. In very severe cases, corticosteroids are prescribed.
Stenosis
Unusual narrowing of the blood vessels or other tubular structures or organs is referred to as stenosis. In simple words stenosis means narrowing of the various body parts. The common causes for stenosis include birth defects, inflammation, neoplasm (abnormal proliferation of cells), ischemia (reduction of blood supply thus damaging tissues), infection, iatrogenic (complications arising from any treatment) and atherosclerosis.
Spinal stenosis: Specific causes include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, aging, spinal injury or tumor and spondylosis. Symptoms include pain and weakness in the legs along with cramps, imbalance and loss of control over bladder and bowel movements.
Mitral valve stenosis: Specific causes include endocarditis, atrial myoxma, rheumatic fever and Lutembacher syndrome. Symptoms of mitral valve stenosis are fatigue, recurrent respiratory infections and swelling in the feet.
Aortic valve stenosis: This type of stenois may be caused by rheumatic fever, Williams syndrome, LDL receptor deficiency and senile or bicuspid aortic valves. The typical symptoms of aortic valve stenosis are chest pain and heart murmur, fatigue and shortness of breath and heart palpitations.
Pulmonary valve stenosis: Specific causes include deformity during fetal development, rheumatic fever and endocarditis. This type of stenosis is symptomized by cough and fatigue, fluid retention and shortness of breath.
Treatment differs according to the type of stenosis. While physical therapy, drugs like analgesics and lumbar brace are used to manage spinal stenosis, aortic valve stenosis and pulmonary valve stenosis are treated with valve replacement surgery.
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